Learning and teaching clinical procedures. In: Dornan T, Mann K, Scherpbier A, Spencer J. Students-as-teachers programs in US medical schools. 85(11): 1725–31. Sugiyono, 2011. Metode Penelitian Pendidikan. Pendekatan Kualitatif. Kualitatif dan R&D. Penerbit Alfabeta.

Prs Serial Number Handwritten Notes. Objectives to be achieved in this study were (1) Finding the problems and needs of blind students, planning, and prototype book enriching appreciation of literature in Braille that can be developed in school inclusion. (2) Develop prototype (draft) enrichment of literary appreciation books in Braille for blind students in school inclusion. (3) Test the effectiveness of the application of the enrichment of literary appreciation books of the validator in Braille for blind students in school inclusion. The method in this study research design development. The subjects were blind students who will use the product of the enrichment books and Indonesian language and literature teacher who will conduct an assessment of the indicators of achievement of the basic competencies of students with visual impairment. Plan activities that have been carried out in this research is the development of book design enrichment phases: (1) a preliminary study; (2) the development stage; (3) the testing stage book; (4) dissemination of the results of the final product, namely enrichment of literary appreciation books in Braille. The final product in the form of books enrichment appreciation of literature in Braille can be used by blind students in inclusive classrooms.

Pengantar Apresiasi Karya Sastra.Bandung: Sinar Baru Algesindo. Joyce P.Gall & Waletr R. Educational Research and Introduction.

New York: Pearson Publishing. Modul Pelatihan Pendidikan Inklusif.

Kementerian Pendidikan Nasional. Muhadjir, Noeng. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Jakarta: Gramedia. Metode Penelitian Pendidikan: Pendektan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.

Metodologi Penelitian Deendarlianto Jurusan Teknik Mesin dan Industri Fakultas Teknik, UGM Penelitian (Research)? • Research is all about asking and answering a question or solving a problem. • Identify an issue, question, or problem.

• Find out what's already known about it. – Discuss with experts, read / conduct literature reviews on the topic. • Plan, cost, and do your study accordingly. • Write it up and submit it for assessment. – Better still, do a good job on it and submit it for publication. • Your work will benefit more people if you publish it.

1 in academia is publish or perish. Dimensions of Research topic: computing, physical, biological, etc. Novelty: create new, review published data, info technology: develop new or use existing methods scope: study a single case or a sample mode: observe or intervene methodology: qualitative or quantitative ideology: objective or subjective politics: neutral vs partisan utility: pure vs applied reassembling the dimensions Research topics. Finding a good question/problem to address can be hard. It helps to have a good colleagues, and/or knowledge or practical experience of and affinity for a topic. We must read journal articles to find out what's already known. Scientists also often point out topics for future research.

All research projects are so-called original investigations. Obtain new data or information about a topic. Some research projects are reviews of the literature. Use other researchers' published data or info about a phenomenon. We should 'earn our spurs' doing original research before taking on a stand-alone review.

But a write-up of an original investigation always has to include a short review of literature. Example of literature review Technology: develop new or use existing method(s)? • A legitimate topic for study is methodological. • For example, development or novel investigation of – a measuring device – a protocol for a physical performance test – a method of analysis.

• We should include or focus on a reliability and/or validity study of the measure provided by the method. Java Monitoring Tool. – Validity = the relationship between observed and true values.

– Reliability = reproducibility of observed values. Pure or applied researches? Pure: to understand the cause or mechanism of a phenomenon. Applied: impact directly on health, wealth, or culture or on development of a method. Even so, try to include mechanisms in an applied project.It will help you publish in a high-impact journal, because their editors and reviewers can be snooty about pure research. Pure is sometimes lab-based, lacking naturalness. Applied is sometimes field-based, lacking control.

Additional remarks • A given research project can be characterized by topic, novelty, technology, scope, mode, methods, ideology, politics and utility. • This dimensional view may help you sort out a good approach to a specific project, but – I may have missed or mangled some dimensions. – There may be better ways to understand research. • Your work needs to be credible to some people and preferably also published if it’s to have any impact. Basic steps of a research project Find a topic What, When Formulate questions What, Why Select design & measurement How Interpret evidence How & Why Publish it!!!